This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. Often this is due to dietary violations, but the wrong products themselves can cause its development. A diet for gastritis of the stomach is just as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the disease from evolving into a more dangerous and/or painful form.
what is gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops in the gastric mucosa. Due to its improper functioning, the digestion process is interrupted, various negative effects develop, and the mucosa itself gradually becomes thinner.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are not unfamiliar to a modern and constantly busy person. Pressure on meals, poor grasping and chewing of hot or cold foods, consumption of poor quality or harmful foods, fast, fatty, salty and smoked foods in unlimited amounts, systematic eating disorders - all these can cause gastritis. In addition, insufficient amounts of proteins and vitamins in food, prolonged use of certain medications, constant stress, smoking and thoughtless excessive alcohol consumption also become risk factors.
Nutritional rules for gastritis
Properly organized nutrition plays a huge role in treating this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, compiled by a doctor. There are some simple and clear rules that you will have to follow:
- All food must be chewed well, you cannot swallow food in pieces.
- It is advisable to organize your daily routine and eat by the hour. Ideally, meals should be fractioned and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times 500-600.
- Between meals should be left 2, 5-3 hours and it is better to take equal intervals if possible.
- Food should always be hot, not hot or cold. The wrong temperature irritates the stomach walls, causing more inflammation.
- You must stop eating raw foods. It's best when they've been heat treated, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh; cooking for future use with gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat with gastritis
- Stale bread, pastry and pastry in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or baked vegetables (no crust).
- Cereal porridge ground in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Low-fat varieties of fish.
- Uncooked lean meats and poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal).
- Non-acidic fruits, dishes from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Low-fat milk and dairy products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Lozenge, marshmallow.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of dishes or hard-boiled (2 pieces per day).
It is very important for gastritis to observe the correct regimen of intake. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of liquid a day, including juices, compotes and even soup. It is permissible to drink mineral water of suitable composition recommended by a doctor.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Smoked meats and sausages.
- Sausages and sausages.
- To bake.
- Fatty meats and fish.
- Sour fruits and berries.
- beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Preservation and pickles.
- Fatty and sour dairy products.
- Barley, millet, unmilled cereals.
- Noodles, noodles and vermicelli made from whole wheat flour.
- Fresh cakes and breads.
- mushrooms.
- Nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Spices and hot sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
* The list of prohibited and permitted products may vary slightly depending on the type of gastritis, so to clarify the details it is best to contact your doctor.
Number 1 diet for gastritis: principles and sample menu
This nutrition system is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar sparing regimen is also prescribed for those who have stomach or duodenal ulcer. The principles and rules are the same as above. Also, doctors advise reducing your salt intake, because it not only retains fluids in the body, but also irritates the mucous membranes. The default calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at an example menu of the day, for a deeper understanding of the problem:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, soft egg, weak tea with milk.
- Snack: Sweet apples baked with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: vegetable cream, meatballs or steamed turkey meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: permissible vegetable stew, permissible fish, roast with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease progresses to a chronic form, dietary restrictions become vital for the patient. By following a diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. For different degrees of acidity, the menu may be a little different, so it's worth talking about each case separately.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with low acidity
The stomach begins to produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract all the nutrients and trace elements it needs from it. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but also all the systems in our body can suffer from it.
diet principles
- It is preferable to consume pureed, liquid and pureed dishes.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the period of remission, you can eat foods fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of food can vary between +15-60°C.
- The total calorie content of the diet per day should fall within 2500-3000 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
With gastritis with low acidity, the menu is not difficult to compose, as it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meats, sausages, sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various cereals is allowed. It will be possible to include juices, jams, kissels, broths, tea and coffee, milk and dairy products on the menu.
However, there are also limitations, for example, you will have to give up very fatty foods. It is undesirable to consume meat from goose, pork, salmon, fried donuts, sweets with cream and sweets. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated from the vegetables consumed, so it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. In its pure form, milk is also not recommended, but as part of dishes or as an additive to tea or coffee, it fits perfectly.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with high acidity
With this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which, as it were, "digests" the surrounding tissues, increasingly damaging the mucous membranes. Therefore, the menu must be much more economical than in the previous case.
diet principles
- No spicy food. Anything that can irritate the mucous membranes is immediately discarded.
- Products must be exclusively low-fat.
- Fried foods are completely excluded, all foods must be boiled, steamed or baked.
- It is better to puree products, clean before use.
- Meals should be frequent and fractional, and portions should be small.
- Daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- The calorie content per day should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
The purpose of a diet for such a disease is to make the menu as economical as possible, but at the same time varied and nutritious. As with diet number 1, you will have to eat only boiled, steamed and baked vegetables and choose only non-acidic fruits. They also need to be boiled and ideally mashed. Consumption of lean meat and fish is allowed, it is also desirable to carefully grind them.
Sour milk with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridges are lightly boiled, cleaned if necessary, only weak meat broths are used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This phase requires an immediate medical examination, lifestyle changes, and dietary changes. On the first day, it is best to completely abandon solid foods, even mashed ones, limiting yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
On the second day, you can slowly consume the foods from the number 1 diet list. Then you can prepare liquid, doughy or creamy soups, low-fat fish or meat puree, soft boiled eggs. Fresh vegetables and fruits should not be consumed, as well as other products on the prohibited list.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers on the mucosa, which can soon turn into full-blown ulcers. To stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you will have to strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- No fried, salted or smoked food, all dishes are just boiled, steamed or baked without a crust.
- Meals divided into small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of a meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before meals.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite well.
- All foods must be warm, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be set so that there are 2 hours left before bed.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
The diet for atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. Food is best taken at the same time regularly. Otherwise, you will have to follow the same recommendations that have already been expressed for the food system table #1. You can consume all the products on the allowed list and refuse the prohibited ones.
Food is eaten hot, pureed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fatty, as well as sour, spicy and salty, remain prohibited. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies of all types of gastritis, so it is better to give them up forever so as not to provoke an acute condition.